Reading - Mega goal 2 - ثاني ثانوي

4 TV Around the World 8 Reading Before Reading Television is popular around the world. Why do you think it is so popular? How much do you know about television? رابط الدرس الرا www.ien.edu.sa A Brief Overview of the History of Television Television was not invented overnight by a single person. The work of many people over a number of decades contributed to its evolution. In the early days, two distinct schools of thought in technology influenced different researchers and the course of their investigation. The first one was based on the technology of Paul Nipkow's rotating disks that supported a mechanical television system, and the second one on an electronic television system that used a cathode-ray tube developed independently by two inventors, Campbell-Swinton and Rosing. Paul Nipkow (1860-1940), who invented the Nipkow disk in 1884, was the first person to discover the scanning principle that allowed small portions of an image to be analyzed and transmitted. However, it is unclear whether Nipkow actually built a working prototype of his television system. Electronic television is based on the development of the cathode-ray tube, which can still be found in modern television sets. Philo Farnsworth (1906-1971) was the first inventor to transmit a television image, a dollar sign, using the dissector tube which is the basis of all current electronic televisions. The American engineer started experimenting with electricity when he was 12, when he built an electric motor and produced an electric washing machine. He was still in high school when he conceived of his ideas for television. A lot of people wrongly believe that color television is a recent idea. In actual fact, the earliest proposal for color television was patented in 1904, while in 1925 Zworykin ●●filed his proposal for an all-electronic color television system. Commercial broadcasting, however, started in the early 50s, a quarter of a century later. pill John Baird (1888-1946) is a researcher who is best Ministry of Ed remembered for inventing a mechanical television 2024 -5446 0 system, based on Nipkow's scanning disk idea. Actually, his work included a number of technological milestones in the history of television. He created the first televised pictures of objects in motion (1924), the first televised human face (1925), color television (1928), stereoscopic television, and television by infra-red light that were presented and demonstrated before the 1930s. Vladimir Zworykin (1889-1982), the inventor of the iconoscope, a transmission device, as well as the kinescope, i.e. the cathode-ray tube, in 1929, was one of the first to demonstrate a television system with all the features of modern television, otherwise called "the tube." Most people in Britain that use the word tube to refer to television, fail to make the connection between the television set and the cathode-ray tube. Nor do people stop and think about the meaning of the word television, which refers to the transmission of images over a distance. In 1929 Zworykin became the director of electronic research at Radio Corporation of America (RCA), and was later promoted to vice-president in 1947. Zworykin invented many devices including the scintillation counter, a device for measuring radioactivity. He held more than eighty patents and received numerous awards for his work. Louis W. Parker patented the "intercarrier sound system" in 1948, which is now used in all television receivers in the world. Without it, televisions would probably have been too costly for most people. The plasma display monitor was invented in July 1964 by professors Bitzer and Slottow and their graduate student Robert Wilson. However, successful plasma television only became feasible later, after the development of digital and other technologies. A factor that delayed the commercial development of plasma display was connected with LCD or liquid crystal MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 54 30/4/24 2:30 AM

displays which made flat screen television possible. This minimized one of the advantages of plasma television in terms of a flat screen with an improved image. So it has taken a lot longer for plasma display to become more widely acceptable and accessible. Until recently, a plasma television screen was regarded, to some extent, as a symbol of affluence or status along with other possessions. Now a new development is affecting communication and media further, namely that of web or Internet television. When Internet access is available along After Reading Answer the questions. with adequate hardware, more and more viewers appear to be switching over to their laptops or desktops to watch films and other programs. Television sets are connected, allowing access to digital channels. The key word seems to be access. It is quick access and options that determine the popularity and, consequently, the commercial success of a medium. Television has so far been fairly well-established; it remains to be seen how digital technology will affect its evolution in the future. 1. Explain what the two main schools of thought were in the early days. 2. How did Philo Farnsworth transmit an image? What did he use? 3. How old is the concept of color TV? 4. Why is television called “the tube” by some people? 5. How did Parker's system affect developments? 6. Read the text again. Find each inventor's name, the name of his invention, and the approximate year. Write the information in the chart along with the effect that each invention had on the evolution of television. Year Inventor Invention Effects 9 Speaking 1. Make a list of your favorite TV shows and why you like them. 2. Talk about TV shows in groups and use the chart to make notes. Compare your lists and decide which shows are popular within your group. 3. Use the chart to find out about the rest of the groups in class and make notes. Organize and edit your notes in your groups. Compare findings in class. Questions Which TV shows are the most popular among your friends? Why are these shows popular with your friends? What do you like about these shows? What do you dislike about these shows? زارة التعليم Ministry of Educatio 2024-1446 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 55 Group answers Class answers 55 30/4/24 2:30 AM