EXPANSIONUnits - Mega goal 2 - ثاني ثانوي

EXPANSION Units 1-4 1 Language Review A. Complete each sentence with the correct form of do, have, or be. 1. Sam 2. 3. It never had a credit card. Jen need help moving this weekend? a coincidence that we got here at the same time. 4. Don was disappointed when he 5. Omar has 6. The euro 7. Since I 8. How often not get the job. living in the same house his entire life. introduced in Europe in 2002. already eaten dinner, I declined the invitation to the restaurant. you eat lunch in the cafeteria? B. Change the active sentences to passive sentences. 1. People grow coffee in eighty different countries. 2. The jury will give the verdict tomorrow morning. 3. Painters are painting my house at this very moment. 4. Saudi Arabia is holding a cabinet meeting tomorrow. 5. They have held the football match at Gardner Stadium for the last eight years. 6. The school has cancelled classes for today. 7. Someone wrote this book in the 18th century. 8. The police arrested the suspect near the scene of the crime. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-6246 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 62 30/4/24 2:30 AM

C. Complete each sentence with the past perfect or past perfect progressive form of the verb in parentheses. 1. The train already by the time we got to the station. (leave) 2. The cat 3. By 11:00 yesterday morning, we 4. She called the police because someone the tuna from the table when he yelled at it. (eat) to three shopping malls. (be) her. (follow) a different job. (find) 5. Julie didn't apply for the job because she 6. My brother 7. I offered to drive him, but he 8. | never already on his own before he got that apartment. (live) a taxi. (call) already. to call her when suddenly she knocked on my door! (try) D. Rewrite each sentence using the adverb of degree in parentheses. have no money at all on me. (absolutely) I have absolutely no money on me. 1. I slept very little last night. (barely) 2. We'll be there soon. (almost) 3. You look so different that I almost didn't recognize you. (hardly) 4. I'll be done with this book soon. (nearly) 5. That is such a funny photo. (extremely) 6. The altitude was so high that I had a lot of trouble breathing. (barely) 7. The essay was in such bad shape, it had to be written all over again. (completely) 8. The hairstylist cut my hair shorter than I like. (too) وزارة التعليم Ministry of Educa 2024-1446 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 63 المدينة المنورة Madinah 63 30/4/24 2:30 AM

EXPANSION Units 1-4 O E. Circle the best adverb for each sentence. 1. I'll (probably / fortunately) apply to at least three colleges. 2. (Unfortunately / Presumably), we won't be able to join you for dinner. We have other plans. 3. I am (certainly unluckily) not going to tell him something that will upset him. 4. He goes out every night. ( Presumably / Honestly), he has a lot of friends. 5. You have a big smile on your face. (Obviously / Actually) you did well on the exam. 6. I would (certainly / presumably) recommend staying home today if you feel sick. 7. (Honestly/ Apparently), I didn't know that the project was due today. 8. I'm having a dinner party on the 3rd, although ( officially / naturally) I don't graduate until the 11th. 9. That is an extraordinary bracelet! (Presumably / Admittedly), you keep it in a safe place. F. Circle for or to to complete each sentence. 1. He bought a gift (for / to) each contestant. 2. Then he gave a gift (for / to) each contestant at the end of the episode. 3. Could you lower the thermostat (for / to) me? 4. Could you also hand the phone (for / to) me? 5. Our teacher pronounced the word (for / to) us. 6. Then she gave the worksheet (for / to) us. G. Change the position of the indirect object in each sentence. Add for or to. Please pass me the salt. Please pass the salt to me. 1. My friend told me a great joke. 2. The boy wrote his mother a poem. 3. My grandfather's neighbor buys him groceries whenever he is sick. 4. The prosperous old woman gave the charity a fortune. 5. My parents threw me a dinner banquet when I graduated. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024 -6446 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 64 TT 30/4/24 2:30 AM

H. Complete each sentence about yourself. 1. One thing I absolutely can't stand is 2. I am completely happy when I 3. One time I almost 4. I'm very excited about 5. Unfortunately, I 6. Luckily, I 7. Admittedly, I am not good at 8. Sometimes I can be extremely 9. I have been told that I am quite 10. One thing I am very frightened of is + I. Share your answers from H with a partner. Choose three of your partner's answers and ask questions to find out more information. Use what, when, where, why, who, or how. Write your three conversations below. Student A: I am really excited about going on vacation this summer. Student B: Really? Where are you going on your vacation? Student A: My family and I are going to visit the Maldives. Student B: Wow! How long are you going to stay there? Student A: We're going to spend ten days there. 3. 2. 1. J. What do you and your partner have or not have in common? Share with the class. We both feel completely happy when we get high grades I am very frightened of thunder and lightning, while my partner is frightened of snakes. on our report cards. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 65 65 30/4/24 2:30 AM

EXPANSION Units 1-4 2 Reading Before Reading Read the passage and underline details that tell you how a computer virus and a biological virus are similar. + Computer Viruses: A Headache for Humans A computer virus is a computer program that has the ability to infect a computer without the user's permission, or even knowledge. There are more than a few similarities between computer viruses and human viruses. Biological viruses enter the body through some kind of direct contact with the body and attach themselves to a host cell. The virus spreads, and the resulting damage can include pain, suffering, or even death. Similarly, computer viruses enter a host file in your computer when you open an infected email attachment. This virus then spreads, resulting in damage that can include deletion of files, emailing of all the addresses in the computer's email address book, a slowing down of the system, or even fatal damage to the hard drive. If these viruses are so damaging, why do people allow them to infiltrate their computers? Because people are tricked into it. Viruses are sent attached to email messages. These emails use a variety of tricks to fool the reader into opening up the attachment. For example, some of these emails are designed to appeal to people's emotions. The "YOU HAVE WON" virus included an attachment titled "A-Gift-For- You.text.vbs." Users, thinking they had been sent a gift letter, opened the file, instantly releasing a virus ill and infecting their computer. Another common virus Ministry of Education pul 2024-6646 disguised as a personal message is "Koob." "Koob" is spread through messages sent through social networking sites. The emails have subject lines like, "You look funny on our new video.” When users try to download the “video," what they really get is a virus. Another common way email users are manipulated into opening attachments that contain viruses is with messages that appear to come from businesses that people frequently use. These typically include auction. sites, delivery services, and financial institutions. One such virus is the "UPS/FedEx Delivery Failure." This email comes with a message informing the user that a package he or she had supposedly sent could not be delivered. Users are told to click on the attachment for a refund. In reality, of course, the attachment unleashes a virus. Ironically, one virus-spreading email was disguised to look like an email about protecting the user's computer from viruses! The "Microsoft Patch" virus was spread through an email that urged the user to download a software patch to prevent viruses. This email even included the Microsoft™ icon, which fooled many into believing the email was legitimate. In reality, the "patch" was a virus. This virus was forwarded by millions of people, resulting in the infection of computers around the world. MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 66 30/4/24 2:30 AM

Do all you can to avoid exposing your computer to a virus. Think of the precautions you take against catching biological infections. You wash your hands and avoid. contact with sick people. Extend the same care to your computer. Consider investing in antivirus software. And whatever you do, avoid opening emails with potentially infected files. You may just save your computer from contracting a nasty illness, and yourself from suffering a terrible headache. After Reading A. Complete each sentence with one of these words: O fatal infiltrate 1. How did the spy 2. Due to several crashed. 3. You must stop smoking. I 4. The businessman manipulated precaution urge the government building? Weren't there security guards on duty? design flaws in the operating system, all the computers in the office you to consider the impact it has on your body. the client to make him do what he wanted. of bringing an umbrella. 5. Elena thought it might rain. So she took the B. Answer the questions. 1. What is a computer virus? 2. Describe the similarities between human and computer viruses. 3. What is the "UPS/FedEx Delivery Failure" virus? 4. What is ironic about the "Microsoft Patch" virus? 5. What are some steps you can take to prevent your computer from being infected by a virus? Discussion 1. Has your computer or a friend's ever been infected by a virus? 2. How did it happen? 3. What did you do? What did your friend do? 4. Why do you think there are so many computer viruses? 5. What kind of punishment is appropriate for people who create and spread viruses? وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 67 67 30/4/24 2:30 AM

+ EXPANSION Units 1-4 3 Reading Before Reading 1. What color is the room you are in now? How does the color make you feel? 2. Have you ever painted a room? If so, what color did you choose and why? The Psychology of Color I want you to imagine yourself in a room painted a light blue color. Now, imagine yourself in a vibrant red room. Do you think you would feel differently in each of these rooms? If you are like most people, you would feel calmer in the blue room and more energized in the red room. Why is this? Psychological studies have found that different colors can have different effects on mood and behavior. People have a tendency to associate colors with where these colors appear in nature. So, for example, without realizing it we associate soft shades of blue with the sky and sea. These associations make blue a calming color for most people. Asuka Obata runs a spa in Kyoto, Japan. All the walls of the salon are blue. Obata says, "It is essential that we create a sense of peace and tranquility. The color blue helps us achieve this." Red, however, is associated with fire and blood. So red is also associated with danger and vitality. The color red has even been shown to raise blood pressure! Adrian Vilas of Cordoba, Argentina, painted his office red. He says, "I like being surrounded by a color that gives me energy and inspiration." On the other hand, have you ever wondered why traffic lights and stop signs utilize the color red? To warn of danger, of course. While we all share natural associations with certain colors, the same color may have a very different meaning to people of two different cultures. The colors black and white provide a good example of how people can have different cultural responses to colors. In many cultures, black symbolizes death and mourning, and so black is the traditional color worn • ⚫to funerals. However, in Asia it is not black that represents mourning, but white. So in Asia, white is the color people usually wear when they attend funerals. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024 6846 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 68 30/4/24 2:30 AM

+ In most other cultures, far from being associated with funerals, white represents purity, innocence, and goodness. For this reason, white is traditionally worn by brides in these cultures. However, in China, since white is the color of mourning, it is important that a bride not wear white. Instead, the traditional color worn by a bride in China is red. In Chinese culture, red represents happiness and good luck, and so Chinese celebrations are full of red. During the Chinese New Year, people prefer wearing red to any other color and older family members give money in red envelopes to younger members of the family. Clearly, the way we respond to color is a complicated business. You may think you are choosing a red shirt just because you like the color. But the truth is, you are probably responding to it based on what your brain, the environment, and your culture tell you about the color! After Reading A. Complete the sentences with one of these words: vibrant tendency 1. The dove 2. She was in associate tranquility mourning represents peace to many people. after her friend died. 3. She has a to talk too loudly when she's on her cell phone. that it hurts my eyes. 4. The colors in this painting are so 5. I love the of the park in the early morning. 6. After a while, the students learned to Wednesday with exams. B. Answer the questions. 1. Where do the colors blue and red appear in nature? 2. How do most people respond to the colors red and blue? 3. What does the color white represent in most cultures? 4. Why must a bride not wear white in China? 5. What does the color red represent to the Chinese? When do the Chinese wear red? Discussion Write the information in the chart below. Use the chart to discuss colors and their effect on people in groups of 3 - 4. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 69 Discussing colors Color Where you can find it in nature How you feel about the color What this color represents in your country 69 30/4/24 2:30 AM

EXPANSION Units 1-4 4 Language Plus Aa + A. Complete each sentence with one of the words shown. To Do LIST overload truckload armload upload download offload 1. A 2. You need to 3. Grab an 4. We can 5. You shouldn't 6. I'm going to 5 Writing ▼ of supplies has arrived to help the victims of the earthquake. those crates carefully. They're full of computer equipment. of dirty clothes and bring it to the laundry room. our presentation onto the classroom Internet site. that electrical outlet with so many appliances. a game from a new online game store. Tools for Writing: Capitalization Do not capitalize names of seasons. Use a capital letter for: • the first letter of the first word of a sentence • the pronoun • proper nouns (specific people, places, organizations) • days of the week, months of the year, and holidays countries, nationalities, and languages the first word of a quoted sentence Rewrite each sentence with correct capitalization. 1. my mother and i traveled to london together last year. 2. will james attend harvard university in the fall? 3. When i asked to see doctor atar, the receptionist said, "the doctor just left." 4. people from haiti speak french and creole. 5. this year, earth day falls on a tuesday. Ministry of Education 2024 -7046 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 70 30/4/24 2:30 AM

وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 + Writing Prompt Write a personal narrative about a problem or difficult situation you have experienced. Explain how you solved the problem or dealt with the situation. For example, you might write about a time your computer crashed the night before a report was due, or a time you were stuck at an airport overnight. Include grammar points from Units 1-4. Write Your Personal Narrative 1. Choose a problem or difficult situation you have experienced. 2. Think about the situation. How did it come about? How did you deal with it? Use the chart to organize your ideas. Problem(s) Solution(s) A personal narrative is a story about something that happened to you. 3. Think of a title for your narrative. 4. Write your narrative. Developing Your Writing: The Introduction The first paragraph of your writing is the introduction. The introduction should grab the reader's attention by expressing something interesting that makes the reader want to read more. The introduction should also include a topic sentence that states clearly what the essay is about. All the other sentences in the introduction should support the topic sentence. As you write your introduction, ask yourself: • Is this paragraph interesting and engaging? Will it make the reader want to know more? • Does it include a topic sentence that clearly tells the reader what the essay is about? • Do the other sentences support the topic sentence? MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 71 The had year The Day My Computer Crashed gone very year I'll never forget the last day of my freshman at Abbington High School. well. I had made new friends, enjoyed my classes, and was expecting good grades in all of my courses. But something unexpected happened on the last day of the year. "I had done well in Mr. Martinez's history class all year. So I was not concerned when we were asked to write a final paper. In fact, I was even looking forward to it. I spent weeks in the library, researching my subject, taking notes, and organizing my ideas. I had started writing the essay a week before it was due. By the night before it was due, I had finished writing the essay and just needed to run a spell-check. But as soon as I began the spell check, the screen froze... 71 30/4/24 2:30 AM