Form Meaning and Function - Mega goal 2 - ثاني ثانوي

8 The Sporting Life 11 Form, Meaning and Function Present Perfect Progressive versus Present Perfect Simple رابط الدرس الرقمي www.ien.edu.sa Use the present perfect progressive tense to talk about an action that started in the past and has a connection with the present time. The action may or may not have finished. Use the present perfect progressive to emphasize the results of the action. Use the present perfect progressive to say how long something has been happening. Use the present perfect simple to say how many things have been done. Present Perfect Progressive How long have you been learning to ski? I have been learning how to ski for six months. Time Expressions: How long ...? Present Perfect Simple I have attended five cross-country skiing events. Use the present perfect progressive tense with for to indicate the duration of the action: for two months, for a year, for a long time. Use the present perfect progressive with since to indicate when the action began: since yesterday, since last June, since 2010. Use the present perfect progressive with all... and so on to talk about the duration of the action, which may or may not have finished: all day, all week, all month, all year, all my life. A. Read the words in the chart below and find the sport that connects them. Complete the chart below with the name of the sport. 1. _swimming goggles swim hat swimwear flippers pool 2. board 3. 4. 5. snow trainers boots sea slope net gloves swimwear mountain ball shorts sail wind gloves racket ring snow boots skis shorts mouth guard B. Compare your answers in exercise A with a partner. Ask and answer about different sports. Use the chart above for ideas and use the present perfect progressive tense. A: Do you know how to ski? B: Yes, I do. I have been skiing since I was ten years old. How about you? A: I don't know how to ski, but I know how to play football. B: How long have you been playing football? وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024 -1246 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 124 30/4/24 2:31 AM

Adverbs of Manner Adverbs of manner express how something is done. They are normally formed by adding -ly to an adjective. How did he explain? He explained carefully. Sometimes an adjective and adverb have the same form. He's a fast runner. ➡ He runs fast. The adverb form of good is well. Can Ali dive? He's a hard worker. He works hard. Yes. He's a good diver. He dives really well. Comparative Forms of Adjectives and Adverbs The comparative form of most one syllable adjectives and adverbs is formed by adding -er: slow-slower; fast—faster; hard-harder. Some comparative forms of adjectives are irregular: good-better; bad-worse The comparative form of most two or more syllable adjectives and adverbs is formed by adding more: difficult-more difficult; carefully-more carefully. Adjective Comparative The youngest athlete was faster than all the others. Adverb Comparative The man climbed higher and higher up the mountain. Football is more thrilling than basketball. The earthquake got stronger and the walls shook more violently. Than and As... As Use than to compare two people, animals, things, ideas or situations. That athlete trains harder than all the other athletes. Use as... as to show two items are the same in some way. Skiing is as dangerous as snowboarding. Use not as ... as to show two items are not the same in some way. The fold-up bicycle is not as bulky as a regular bicycle. C. Read the advertisement for winter ski vacations. Complete the gaps with the appropriate word(s). There is more to a winter trip than just skiing! Are you thinking of going on skiing vacation? Do you ski as then don't despair. There is lot more to a trip to the snow you can do: snowboarding, bob-sled riding, snow scooting and the rafting. (1. good) as your family? If not, (2.) skiing. There are lots of things (3. late) craze, snow (4. popular) alternative to skiing. It is Snowboarding is the (5. easy) than skiing and a lot (6. fashionable). Bob-sled riding can be a lot of fun, tiring and (7. fast) than skiing. This is not very scary! Why? Reaching speeds of up to 70 mph, it is a lot a sport for the faint-hearted! Snow scooting and snow rafting are fairly new sports. Both involve riding down ⚫⚫⚫mountain slopes at very high speeds. Snow scooters are a (8. good) choice for those who (9. good) choice. ...like doing tricks. If you like riding with friends instead, then snow-rafting is the And remember, building a snowman is as fun وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_02_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 125 (10.) any sport! 125 30/4/24 2:31 AM