CHAPTER SUMMARY - Principles of Health Sciences - ثاني ثانوي

CHAPTER 8 SUMMARY ⚫ An understanding of basic nutrition is essential for health care providers. • Good nutrition helps maintain wellness, a state of good health with optimal body function. • There are six groups of essential nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water. ⚫The simplest guide for planning healthy meals that provide the required essential nutrients is to . eat a variety of foods from each of the major food groups. Weight management is used to achieve and maintain the desired body weight. Good weight management reduces the risks for many diseases and allows an individual to enjoy a longer and healthier life span. ⚫Therapeutic diets are modifications of the normal diet. They are used to improve specific health conditions. REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. List the six (6) essential nutrients and the main function of each nutrient. 2. Differentiate between the processes of digestion, absorption, and metabolism. 3. Differentiate between overweight and obesity. List six (6) conditions that can develop as a result of obesity. وزارة التعليم Minsigo Eduction 2022-1444 GE44.PATHWAYS.G02 S2.HLTH.SB.indb 145 NUTRITION AND DIETS 145 | 14/10/2022 10:15

وزارة التعليم Mineo 146 2022-1444 CHAPTER 8 GE44.PATHWAYS.G02 S2.HLTH.SB.indb 146 4. Calculate the number of calories you require per day to maintain your present weight. How many calories should you ingest per day to gain 1 kilogram per week? How many calories should you ingest per day to lose 1 kilogram per week? 5. Identify the type of therapeutic diet that may be ordered for patients with the following conditions: a. Gallbladder or liver disease b. Diabetes mellitus c. Hypertension or heart disease d. Gastric disorders, colitis, or diseases of the digestive tract e. Pregnant or lactating women f. Severe nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea g. Kidney disease h. Poor dentation CRITICAL THINKING 1. You are planning your family's meals. It is important that everyone eat a balanced diet and about 1,800 calories a day to maintain a healthy weight. Based on those criteria, create a sample menu for three (3) meals and two (2) snacks. Don't forget to include beverages. 2. You have an 88-year-old male patient who is from Abha in the hospital recovering from a left hip fracture. It is day 4; he has lost 3.6 kg and doesn't like the hospital food. As the hospital's dietician, what are three (3) questions you might ask this patient to provide balanced nutrition and the food he will eat? 14/10/2022 10:15

3. Using the data from Table 8-1, list what kind of nutrient group each patient needs to increase based on their medical condition: a. A 16-year-old with anorexia b. An 8-month-old with dysentery c. An underweight 78-year-old with cancer d. A 19-year-old burn victim e. A 26-year-old with the flu that has been vomiting for 2 days who can't start an IV f. A 6-year-old undergoing a fourth major surgery to correct congenital problems ACTIVITIES 1. a. Define BMI. Using the BMI graph or calculator, determine your BMI. What does your number indicate? b. List everything you ate yesterday. Determine how many servings of each nutrient you consumed. Calculate your calories. c. Based upon your BMI, calorie intake, and the Healthy Food Palm food distri- bution, answer these questions: 1. Do I need to change my total calorie intake? Raise, lower, or remain the same. If you need to adjust, by how much? 2. Do I need to change the types of foods I eat? Do I eat fruit? Do I eat enough vegetables for a balance diet? 2. In a small group, create a patient education oral presentation that will include: a. A poster, trifold, or commercial promoting healthy eating and nutrition b. A brochure on a disease impacting poor eating habits. This brochure must include signs and symptoms of the disease, major associated physical con- cerns, preventive measures, treatment, and support systems. Include at least three (3) resources. Be ready to present your brochure to the class. وزارة التعليم Minister Education 2022-1444 GE44.PATHWAYS.G02.S2.HLTH.SB.indb 147 NUTRITION AND DIETS 147 | 14/10/2022 10:15