Chapter Assessment - Principles of Management - ثالث ثانوي

عليم 58 CHAPTER ONE Assessment CHAPTER CONCEPTS The decisions of managers determine what a company will do and how well it will perform. The work of managers can be grouped with- in five functions: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and con- trolling. There is typically more than one level of management in most com- panies. There are more managers at the lower levels and fewer at higher levels. The Four Industrial Revolutions changed businesses and business practices. Each revolution has been characterized by a distinct set of innovations that has radically altered the way people live, work and communicate ⚫ Determining the best ways to manage an organization has been an issue facing business leaders throughout history. Four widely accept- ed management theones are classical management, administrative management, behavioral management, and scientific management. ⚫ Managers are affected by change in many ways. Technology, compe- tition, the changing workforce, and the nature of work itself are all important factors that must be addressed. ■ An effective business has a management strategy that is planned, consistent, and understood. Every business has a unique set of char- acteristics that affect its management strategy. These characteristics relate to the type of business and work involved, the business envi- ronment, and the management structure ⚫ Successful managers are skilled communicators, relationship builders. and decision makers. ■ Managers must carefully consider how each of the types of resources can be most effectively used as they plan, organize, staff, direct, and control the work of the organization Successful managers under- stand, believe in, and follow a set of principles to guide their decisions and actions. Chapter 1 Marogs and Managing

ادارة التعليم DEVELOP YOUR BUSINESS LANGUAGE Match the terms listed with the definitions. Term 1. Administrative management 2. Behavioral management 3. Business competition 4. Classical management 5. Controlling 6. Directing 7. Effectiveness B. Efficiency 9. Management 10. Management principles 11. Management role 12. Management strategy 13. Manager 14. Middle manager Your Choice Definition a. The rivalry among companies for customers. b. A measure of productivity in comparison to the effort put In: c. A series of distinct phases in modern history, characterized by technological innovations that have led to major busi- ness and social changes d. Working with employees to ensure they are motivated and have the resources needed to help carry out plans and get the work done. e. The process of accomplishing the goals of an organization through the effective use of people and other resources f. A common set of activities that make up an important part of a manager's job g. A high-level manager who spends almost all of his or her time on management functions and decisions that affect the entire company h. Management theory that studies the way work is organized and the procedures used to perform a job in order to Increase worker productivity. i. Finding individuals with the right skills to do the work. i. A total commitment by everyone in an organization to improve the quality of procedures and products by reducing waste, errors, and detects. k. The careful, objective study of management decisions and procedures in order to improve the operation of businesses and organizations 1. Analyzing information and making decisions about what needs to be done. m. A carefully developed overall approach to leading an organization. n. Determining how plans can be accomplished most effec tively and arranging resources to carry out the work. Chapter 1 Assessment 59

15. Organizing 16. Planning 17. Quality management 18. Scientific 19. management Staffing 20. Supervisor 21. The Four Industrial Revolutionis 22. Tap manager o. Management theory directed at organizational improve- ment through understanding employee motivation and behavior-sometimes called human relations management p. A manager whose main job is to direct the work of employees q. A manager who carries out all of the management func- Lions, but spends most of the time performing specialized work in one management function or is responsible for a specific part of the company's operations. r. Person who performs all five management functions on a regular basis, and has authority over other jobs and people s. Evaluating results to determine if the company's objectives have been accomplished as planned t. The fundamental guidelines for the decisions and actions of managers. u. A measure of how successful something is at achieving its outcome. v. Management theory that identifies the most effective practices for organizing and managing a business REVIEW BUSINESS MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS Determine the best answer. 23. Which of the fallowing statements about the role of managers is true? a. Managers are responsible for the success or failure of the company b. Managers make up the greatest percentage of employees in a business. c. Managers are responsible for carrying out the day-to-day work of a business. J. Manager's spend most of their time planning for the future: 24. The first level of management in a company is typically a. top managers b. supervisors middle managers d. work coaches 60 Chapter 1 Manogers and Managing

25 Top managers are likely to spend most of their time. a. controlling b. staffing c. organizing d. planning 26. The management theory that is directed at organizational improve- ment through understanding employee mouvation and behavior is a. quality management b. behavioral management c. administrative management d classical management 27 Which of the following factors should be considered by a company when developing its management strategy? a. the type and characteristics of the business b. the type of work and the workers in the company © the business environment d. All of the factors should be considered APPLY WHAT YOU KNOW Answer the following questions. 28 Explain the following quote "Managers are responsible for making things happen in business." 29 Which of the five management functions most directly affects the daily work of employees? Justify your choice. 30 What is the major difference between the classical theory of manage- ment and the administrative theory? Chapter Asse sapunt 61 B

عليم 31. What are some ways to prepare for management careers of the future? MAKE ACADEMIC CONNECTIONS Complete the following activities. 32 Math During one month, three managers recorded the number of hours they spent on each of the five management functions. Salman spent 42 hours on planning activities, 26 on organizing ac- tivities, 10 hours on staffing, 73 on directing activities, and 57 on controlling activities. Mohammed devoted 65 hours to planning, 24 hours to organizing, 15 hours to staffing, 16 hours to directing, and 59 hours to controlling Reem spent 18 hours planning. 40 hours or- ganizing, 5 hours on staffing, 55 hours directing, and 74 hours con- trolling For each manager, determine the total hours worked during the month and the percentage of time devoted to each manage- ment function. Then determine the total percentage of time spent by the three managers on each of the functions. Develop a chart to illustrate the results. What conclusions can you draw from the chart? Chapter 1 Managers and Managing

33 Technology Use a computer program to create a table with four columns and four rows. Label each of the rows with one of the man- agement theories discussed in Lesson 12. Then label the first column "Business Advantage," the second column "Business Disadvantage, the third "Employee Advantage," and the fourth "Employee Disad- vantage" Think carefully about each approach to management, and complete the table by describing an advantage and disadvantage each theory offers to the business and to the employees of the business. 34. Communication As a human resources manager at the Web technology company described in the Reality Check scenario at the beginning of the chapter, you have developed a plan for preparing employees like All for the possibility of moving into management. De- velop a short presentation that you can give to the company's current supervisors, identifying several things they can do to help their e- ployees prepare for that possibility. Chapter Assessment 63 回

CASE IN POINT What Makes an Effective Manager? Safiya and Ahmed are considering careers in business and have hopes of becoming managers someday. Both hold part-time jobs and have seen a number of managers at their workplace Safija was even asked to work temporarily as the shift supervisor for her team when the full-time super- visor was on vacation. That gave her a closer view of what some of the work managers do and how their job is different from that of employees. Safiya shared her experiences with Ahmed, which led to a discussion of their views on a manager's work Ahmed: A manager's job is easy if the company hires good em- ployees. All a manager has to do is make sure the work gets done. Safiya: Do you really think it is that easy? First, I don't think com- panies can always find employees who can do the work well. Also, a manager's job involves much more than working with employees Ahmed: I think a manager just has to be a good communicator If a manager can explain clearly what needs to be done, good employees will do a good job without your supervision. Safiya: But what about all of the things that can go wrong in a company that a manager can't plan for? Equipment can break down, new employees may not be well trained, or a big order may require everyone to work overtime. Ahmed: I read that companies spend a large amount of their training budgets on management development. If you ask me, either you're a good manager or you aren't. I don't think Laking classes on how to manage will do much good if you aren't the right type of person. Safiya: I might have agreed with you a few years ago, but today it seems that management is much more complicated In fact, I belleve that the problems each manager faces are so different, it would be difficult to develop training programs that would benefit all of the managers in a company. Chapter 1 Managers and Managing

ار أسعليم Think Critically 1. Analyze Safiya and Ahmed's views toward management. Which of their views do you agree or disagree with? 2. Do you believe that managers spend most of their time working with employees? justify your answer. 3. What characteristics are common to all managers' jobs? What are the types of things that would be quite different from one manager's job to another? 4. If you were responsible for developing a training program for manag- ers, what would you.include? Chapter Axessment 65