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O 8 Drive Slowly! 9 Reading Before Reading 1. On which side of the road do people drive in your country? 2. On which side of the road do people usually walk? رابط الدرس الرقمي www.ien.edu.sa Is Right, Right? Why must you drive on the right side of the road in some countries and on the left side of the road in other countries? Investigate the question, and you find a lot of confusion on right versus left. About a quarter of the world drives on the left, and most of those countries used to be British colonies. In England people drive on the left, but on escalators they stand on the right, so that people who are in a hurry can go up on the left. In Japan, they drive on the left, too, but people usually stand on the left on escalators. There are different explanations for the use of right versus left. Some people believe that it is a natural tendency to walk or drive on the right. This is because most people are right-handed. We can look back in history for reasons people move on the right or left of the road. Some people say that in Europe hundreds of years ago, people rode their horses on the left. This way, their sword was between them and anyone who was coming toward them in the opposite direction. They were ready to pull out their sword and fight to defend themselves with their right arm. There is also evidence that ancient Greek, Egyptian, and Roman troops used to march on the left side. And in Rome, they made it a law in the 1300s. So when and why did the right side become popular? One idea is that in the 1700s, people in France and in the United States started to use 2 wagons with several pairs of horses and to drive on the right side of the road. It was easier for the drivers to sit on the left and control the horses with a whip in the right hand, and it was safer if other vehicles passed on the left so the drivers could see the distance between vehicles. Some people say that in England, people always drove on the left, and in France, people always drove on the right. In any case, Napoleon, a ruler of France, ordered people to drive on the right side in the early 1800s. France conquered many countries at that time, and so these countries drove on the right. But France didn't conquer England, so England kept its custom of driving on the left. In the twentieth century, there was a trend to the right. Many cars were made in the United States, and they were made for driving on the right side of the road. As recently as 1967, Sweden changed its laws. Now people in Sweden must drive on the right. So right or left? Just follow the customs of the country where you are--and be sure to drive carefully on that side! وزارة التعليم Ministry 4ucation 2024-1446 SG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 84 30/4/24 12:32 AM

After Reading A. Answer true or false. + 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. In England, people drive on the left. In Japan, people drive on the right and walk on the left. In France, people probably always drove on the right. Many countries use left or right because of England and France. Some countries changed to driving on the right. B. Match. Find the meaning of the word in bold type from the reading. 1. 2. _ 3. Historians investigate questions about past events. They read old records to find answers. There is some confusion over the history of the use of the right or the left. People aren't sure of what happened. At the end of the war, the large country conquered the small one. 4. In some countries, the custom is to drive very fast on large roads. 5. There was a trend toward energy-efficient cars at the start of the twenty-first century. Discussion 1. What are some problems due to people driving on different sides of the road in different places? 2. Do you think that there should be one standard for the whole world? 3. What problems do you think Sweden had when it changed from left to right? ADELPHI openneach openreach a. took control of (a country, city etc.) through the use of force b. uncertainty about what happened. c. a direction of change, a tendency d. something that is usually done e. study and research. 10 Project Work with a partner. Research and prepare a list of driving tips and safety rules for new drivers. Make a poster to display in class. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 SG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 85 85 30/4/24 12:32 AM