EXPANSION Units - Mega goal 3 - ثالث ثانوي

EXPANSION Units 9-12 A Match the words or phrases to their definitions. 1. neutral a. priceless 2. praise 3. munchies 4. immune 5. virtues b. permanently c. morally good characteristics d. feeling sad and disappointed e. gigantic 6. for good f. secret; private 7. authentic 8. malicious g. not favoring one side or the other; impartial h. say complimentary things 9. invaluable i. real 10. confidential j. crunchy junk food 11. down in the dumps k. not affected by something 12. immense 1. deliberately harmful; hateful B Answer the questions. 1. What classes are you currently taking? وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 2. Which places do you sometimes visit that are jam packed? 3. Who is your favorite fictitious character? 4. Give one example of how technology has evolved over the years. 5. Would you ever divulge a secret? 6. What, in your opinion, is your worst flaw? MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 359 EXPANSION Units 9-12 359 30/4/24 3:09 AM

Match the words and their definitions 1. restless

Answer the questions. 1. What gender are you?

EXPANSION Units 9-12 C D Rewrite each sentence. Change the quoted speech to reported speech. Maha said, "I lost my keys." Maha said she had lost her keys. 1. They said, "We found your sweater! It was in the locker room." 2. Norah asked, "Are they coming to visit us?" 3. Her mother said to her, "Don't say anything unless you have something nice to say." 4. Ahmed said, “More people speak English in China than in the U.S." 5. The teacher said, "Close the door." 6. Asma said, "Fatima was speaking Arabic during English class." 7. He asked, "Has anyone seen my cell phone?" 8. They said, "Fahd is eating dinner at the cafeteria right now." Complete the sentences by writing all of the possible relative pronouns that could be used: who, whom, that, which, where, when, whose, or Ø (for no relative pronoun). A calculator is a tool that/which/0 we use to do mathematics. 1. Morning is the one time of day I can think clearly. car my father bought was very interesting. 2. The man 3. The person 4. A carpenter is a person 5. The new keyboard 6. I have a friend 7. The place 8. A turtle is an animal PL360 EXPANSION Units 9-12 Ministry of Education 2024-1446 I met on the train offered me a newspaper. builds houses. I bought has already broken. once found a 100-riyal bill. my mother always hangs out is the kitchen. has a hard shell on its back. MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 360 30/4/24 3:09 AM

Combine each pair of sentences using a paired conjunction 1 He worries a lot He tries to avoid conflict

Answer the questions, using complete sentences with adverb clauses. Use the adverbs in parentheses 1.Where do you take your cell phone? (wherever)

EXPANSION Units 9-12 E Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as an adjective clause. A glass is something. We use it to drink water. A glass is something that we use to drink water. 1. The man is new to the club. Adel sat next to him at the meeting. 2. Abdullah has a friend. He lives in Dubai. 3. A rest area is a place. You can get gasoline there. 4. Layla is my sister. She just got married. 5. Spring is the season. All of the flowers bloom then. 6. The place was very beautiful. We used to go camping there. 7. The rug got ruined. I bought it last week. 8. The man is difficult. He is working with my brother. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 361 இ EXPANSION Units 9-12 361 30/4/24 3:09 AM

EXPANSION Units 9-12 FL Correct the errors in the sentences. us The teacher told ^ to study for the test. 1. Qassim has an e-book reader that it can hold 500 books. 2. Peter said that he is sleeping when I called him last night. 3. A trashcan is something who you put your garbage in. 4. My mother asked whether I eat breakfast this morning. 5. The Atlantic is the ocean in where many species of whale live. 6. Jay said he was been writing a new book. 7. The person whose I talked to was a professor. 8. Tuesday is the day when that I study the longest. Answer the questions about yourself. Use a noun clause in your response. 1. What's something you'll always remember? G 2. What's something that you're afraid will happen? 3. What's something you hope will happen? 4. What's something you're sure of? 5. What's something you expect to happen tomorrow? 6. What's something you have dreamed more than once? 7. What's something that disappointed you recently? 8. What's something you learned at school recently? P 362 EXPANSION Units 9-12 Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 362 30/4/24 3:09 AM

EXPANSION Units 9-12 H وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 Read and put the paragraphs in the right order for an essay. Use numbers. Indicate which paragraphs are part of the: a. introduction b. main body c. conclusion / closing paragraph The History of Airbags Highly unconventional tests and hundreds of crashes were carried out to help gain knowledge that could make the device safe. One of their primary concerns was stopping the airbag from deploying unintentionally-a horror scenario that would fuel further resistance and, more importantly, put people at risk. Yet more test cars were used in varied conditions and circumstances for years before the airbag was launched. Initially, cars were fitted with a front-passenger airbag in the late 1980s. A driver's airbag was introduced as a standard feature in 1992. Finally, the sidebag was added in 1995. Over the years, airbags, as many other automotive features, have become a lot more sophisticated and deploy electronic systems that regulate the degree to which bags are inflated, depending on the severity of the impact. In addition, the function of bags can be adjusted to the size of the passenger, making them even more appealing to families with children. In other words, airbags seem to be following the trend alongside other devices and machines and are becoming personalized to suit individual requirements. The invention had been patented as early as 1953, but ignored, the main reason being that the technology required did not yet exist. Automotive engineers rose to the challenge and started their explosive experiments in an attempt to overcome technical hurdles. The windowbag was the next milestone in the airbag history, achieved in 1998. This bag inflates across the side windows in the event of a side impact and forms a large curtain that protects the heads of both the front and the rear occupants. As in all such cases, the airbag became the subject of ongoing dispute at the start. When a fatal accident involving an airbag occurred in the USA in 1974, it fuelled more opposition and caused many to desert the project. The German mechanics were not put off the idea. They were determined to overcome hitches and demonstrate the potential of the airbag as a life-saving device; so they went ahead and developed it aiming at a global market. 1 A large area was cordoned off with engineers crouching behind thick walls, when there was a loud bang and shreds of fabric and plastic flew everywhere. The engineers had just completed another stage of testing in the development of the car airbag. This was how the idea of the airbag was developed in 1967, prompted by the increasing number of accidents and new laws that required protection systems for car drivers and passengers. 1. What would you change? 2. What would you delete? 3. What would you add? MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 363 EXPANSION Units 9-12 363 30/4/24 3:09 AM

EXPANSION Units 9-12 Look at the picture and describe the building on the left. Imagine what the architect wanted to achieve with this design. Make notes under each heading in the box below. Write sentences about the picture using the words you listed. 1. 2. 3. Construction materials Structure and shape Comfort and use PH 364 EXPANSION Units 9-12 Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 364 30/4/24 3:09 AM

Look at the picture and describe the building on the left Imagine what the architect wanted to achieve with this design Make notes under each heading in the box below Write sentences about t

EXPANSION Units 9-12 J Look at the picture and make a list of words for each of the following categories: mass, peculiar, awe, and confounded. Write sentences about the picture using the words you listed. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 1. 2. 3. MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 365 mass peculiar awe confounded EXPANSION Units 9-12 365 30/4/24 3:09 AM

EXPANSION Units 9-12 K WRITING Choose a scientific discovery to research and write about. Use an idea from the box or an idea of your own. electricity the telescope the airplane radioactivity the telephone the Internet gravity vaccinations the fax machine nanotechnology 1. Before you write, use the chart below to organize your ideas. Write what you already know about the discovery in the K (Know) column. Write what you want to learn in the W (Want to Learn) column. Research these questions in your library or on the Internet. Then write what you've learned in the L (Learned) column. K W L 2. Now use your notes from the chart to write your essay. Be sure to construct an effective conclusion. P 366 EXPANSION Units 9-12 Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 366 30/4/24 3:09 AM

Writing Skills 1 Writing Skills Expressing Your Opinion When giving your opinion, either orally or in writing, it is important to clarify whether the opinion that you are expressing is your own or one that is generally accepted. Personal opinion I think that... In my opinion,... From my point of view,... As far as I'm concerned,... I strongly believe that... General opinion Most people know/think that... Everyone knows that.... It is thought/believed/well known that... Most people support/oppose the... A. Choose the most appropriate beginning for each sentence. 1. (In my opinion / Most people know that) people today are too obsessed with earning money. They should try and enjoy life more. 2. (As far as I'm concerned / It is thought that) global warming will cause the polar ice caps to melt. 3. (Everyone knows that I think that) governments of richer countries should give money to poorer countries. 4. (From my point of view, / It is thought that) medical care should be free for everybody. B. Use the prompts to express opinions about the world today. 1. I think that 2. It is believed that 3. Most people support the idea of 4. As far as I'm concerned, 5. Most people think that When expressing your opinion in a debate, it is important not to make your statements so general that they are not true. For example, the statement Everybody loves to eat junk food can be easily argued with. However, the statement Almost everybody loves to eat junk food is much more difficult to argue with. When expressing your opinion in a debate: • Avoid words like never, always, all, none. Use words like often, hardly ever, many, very few, etc. No Few teenagers like school. • Try using modal verbs to qualify the verb. There will may never be peace in the world. C. Modify the following sentences to be less extreme. 1. It never rains in the desert. 2. There must be life on other planets. 3. It is impossible to find a cure for cancer. 4. All factories pollute the environment. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 367 367 30/4/24 3:09 AM

Expressing Your Opinion

Writing Skills Writing Skills 2 Rewriting English is a very versatile language. By choosing vocabulary and structures carefully, you can often write the same idea in several ways. For example: There are not enough homes in modern cities for the people who live there. There is a shortage of homes in modern cities for the people who live there. Modern cities do not have enough homes for the people who live there. The number of homes in modern cities is insufficient for the people who live there. Another way to improve your writing is to avoid constantly using the same word by using synonyms. A. Complete the sentences so that the second sentence has a similar meaning to the first. Use the words in parentheses. 1. a. There will be an exam in biology on Monday. b. The students in biology on Monday. (tested) work and study practices. (revolutionized) 2. a. Computers have caused major changes in the way people work and study. b. Computers 3. a. Not many people like to drink coffee at night. وزارة ال368ليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 b. Drinking coffee (unpopular) 4. a. It was the first time the children had seen snow. b. The children 5. a. Many people think that Venice is the most charming city in the world. b. Venice (never) one of the most charming cities in the world. (considered) B. Read the paragraph. Then rewrite the paragraph, replacing the underlined words with synonyms from the box. greeted roses grin scarlet noticed silent peered stepped portrait the ocean rang wandered Anne arrived at the house and walked (1. flowers (2. through the gate into the garden that smelled of _) reached her ears from somewhere out of ). The sound of water (3. sight. She walked (4. _) up the path to the red (5. (6. ) the doorbell. After a few moments, she saw (7. _) door and pressed someone behind the glass of the door, and it swung open to show her grandmother. Her grandmother looked (8. at her for a few moments, and then her face relaxed into a smile (9. (10. _). Anne said hello to _) her grandmother and stepped into the warmth of the hallway. The door closed behind her, shutting her into the quiet (11. once familiar walls and saw that the picture (12. _) atmosphere of the old house. She looked around the _) of her grandfather was missing, nor was there any sign of him in the house. MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 368 30/4/24 3:09 AM

Complete the sentences so that the second sentence has a similar meaning to the fest Use the words in parentheses. A There will be an exam in biology on Monday B students......... in biology

Writing Skills 3 Writing Skills Editing Finished Work Good writers know that a piece of work isn't finished until it has been checked for errors. This is especially important when writing in a foreign language. It's a good idea to take a break before checking your work so that you can look at it with fresh eyes. Read the following checklist for editing finished work. Audience Extra words Missing words Grammar Tenses Punctuation Spelling Is the work appropriate for the intended audience? Have you written a formal piece for an informal situation or vice versa? Will the reader understand what you are trying to communicate? Have you included any extra words by mistake? Common examples include: articles, prepositions, personal pronouns, etc. Are there any words missing? Common examples include: articles, auxiliary verbs, prepositions, personal pronouns, etc. Is the grammar correct? A common example of a grammar mistake is forgetting the third person -s on present simple verbs. Have you used the correct tenses? Make sure that you are consistent with your tense usage and don't change tense in the middle of a sentence. Punctuation is a very important feature of written English, often dictating meaning. Make sure that your work is punctuated correctly according to English rules. Many people have problems with English spelling, but most problems can be avoided by being careful. If you're not sure of a word, look it up in a dictionary! A. Correct the errors in the sentences. 1. My father is a journalist for seven years. 2. My parents was born in 1970 and got married in 1992. 3. I like Amy and Carol, but I really can't stand there pets. 4. The doorbell rang when Mindy talked to her friend on the phone. 5. I had a terrible day at work yesterday. My computer crashed and I lose all my work. 6. I think that the athletes should set a better example for young people. 7. Although cell phones have changed our lives forever, not everybody like using them. B. Add capitalization and punctuation to the sentences. 1. mike turned to kevin and asked will you help me 2. suddenly the children ran to the door their father was home from his business trip. 3. what do you think people should do to help decrease poverty in developing nations 4. sam doesnt like school very much but he does enjoy his english class 5. frank asked if he wanted time to think about it before he made his decision 6. my favorite book of all time is oliver twist by charles dickens. 7. in spite of all the bad reviews I still enjoyed the restaurant. وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 369 369 30/4/24 3:09 AM

Editing Finished Work

+ Writing Skills Writing Skills 4 Writing an Account or Newspaper Article Although most of us know what we want to say when we start writing, it is often easy to forget while in the process of writing, which can cause the work to lack structure and make it difficult for the reader to understand. Plan briefly first, so that you can check your progress as you write. Follow the guidelines below to help you. 1. Decide what information you need to convey to the reader. Ask yourself the questions Who? Why? What? Where? When? How? to come up with most of the information you need to include. 2. Write a brief plan like the one below, explaining what you will include in each paragraph. This will also help you decide how many paragraphs you need to include. 3. When you finish, check the work against the plan to make sure you've included everything. Try and read the piece as if you were someone else. Does it include all the information you need to provide? A. Read the text that follows the plan and reorder the paragraphs so that they match the plan. 1. Introduction, mystery finally solved 2. Background history of the case, search, police and residents' reaction 3. How the case was solved 4. The men's reaction, what they've been doing, employers' reaction a. However, two days ago, police received a phone call from their colleagues in New York saying that there was a man in their precinct who claimed to know what had happened to the two men. An agent flew up to New York to interview the man who had seen the case of the escaped convicts on a popular TV program on unsolved crimes, and had immediately recognized one of the men as his next- door neighbor and the other man as his next-door neighbor's cousin. He said that he'd never realized who they were before, because both men had changed their names as well as the color of their hair and eyes! b. The two men were arrested in their new home. They had both been able to find jobs and were planning to get married soon. Confronted with the prospect of spending another twenty years in prison, one of the men had a stroke and was taken to hospital. The other man was driven back to the penitentiary to wait for their final sentencing. Neither man regretted escaping. They had both started new lives and had not committed any unlawful act while out of prison. Their employers have offered to testify as character witnesses and claim that both men have been model workers. c. The two run-away convicts were first reported missing in May 2007, when they failed to appear at the door of their cell during morning inspection. Described as two of the most intelligent and dangerous criminals, the two men caused an enormous stir in the media. A national manhunt was launched in an effort to locate and apprehend the two escapees. Over one hundred thousand residents helped the police search the area and the surrounding desert with no success. Local law enforcement officers and residents eventually resigned themselves to the fact that they would not be able to find the two men. d. After years of a nationwide search, it appeared that police had finally located the getaway car and prison uniforms of the detainees that had managed to dig their way out of the high security penitentiary in Phoenix, and a few days later the actual escapees. وزارة التميم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 370 30/4/24 3:09 AM

Writing an Account or Newspaper Article