Glossary - Health Care - ثالث ثانوي

ليد GLOSSARY A active listening-Focusing fully on what the speaker is saying. alignment-Positioning and supporting the body so that all body parts are in correct anatomical position. automated routing unit-A system that answers the telephone and uses a recorded voice to provide directions to the caller. autonomy-Self-governance or the ability to decide for oneself by making choices and pursuing a course of action. Alzheimer's disease-A progressive cerebral B disease that destroys brain cells, causing serious disorders with the faculties of memory, thinking, and behavior. It severely affects the patient's life and work, as well as their pattern of social life. As time passes, the patient's condition deteriorates, and often leads to his demise. Nowadays, Alzheimer's disease is ranked the sixth major reason for death around the world (Ministry of Health). anesthesia-The state of inability to feel sensation, especially the sensation of pain. answering service-A service that responds to telephone calls when an agency is closed; the patient talks with an operator who can transfer the call to the appropriate individual, contact the individual and ask them to call the patient, or record a message. aphasia-The loss or impairment of the power to use or comprehend language, usually as a result of injury or damage to the brain. arteriosclerosis-A condition in which the walls of blood vessels become thick and lose their elasticity. arthritis-An inflammation of the joints that causes the joints to become stiff, less flexible, and painful. assessment-Gathering information and checking what it means. atherosclerosis-A condition in which the vessels become narrow because of deposits of fat and minerals on the inner walls of the arteries. auscultation-The process of listening for sounds in the body. body language-Body posture and movements that convey messages to the observer. bookkeeping-The process of recording the financial transactions made by a business. bronchitis Acute or chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes (air tubes in the lungs). buffer period-A period of time kept open on an appointment schedule to allow for emergencies, telephone calls, and other unplanned situations. C career ladder-The various levels within an occupational area that require different amounts of education and training. cataract A condition in which the normally transparent lens of the eye becomes cloudy or opaque, leading to blindness. catheter-A rubber, metal, or other type of tube that is passed into a body cavity, used for injecting or removing fluids. cerebrovascular accident-Also called a stroke or apoplexy; an interrupted supply of blood to the brain, caused by formation of a clot, blockage of an artery, or rupture of a blood vessel. continuing medical education (CME)-Education or training for health care professionals to stay up to date with the latest developments in the medical field. continuing professional development (CPD)- The ongoing process of developing and maintaining one's professional skills. 278 GLOSSARY GE45.PATHWAYS.G03.S1-2.HC.ENG.SB.indb 278 14/06/2023 10:30

D dangling-Positioning the patient in a sitting position with their feet and legs over the side of the bed prior to ambulation. defecate To evacuate fecal material (waste) from the bowel through the rectum. dehydration-Insufficient amounts of fluid in the tissues. delirium-Acute, reversible mental confusion caused by illness, medical problems, or medications. dementia―A loss of mental ability characterized F feedback-A method used to check understanding of what is said, consisting of paraphrasing, reflecting, and asking questions. filing-Arranging in order. forceps An instrument used for grasping and holding objects; it can be straight or curved with finger grips. Fowler's Positions in which the patient lies on the back with the head elevated at one of several different angles. by a decrease in intellectual ability, loss of G memory, impaired judgment, personality change, and disorientation. dorsal recumbent-A position in which the patient lies on the back with the knees flexed and separated; used for vaginal and pelvic examinations. drapes Paper or cloth coverings placed over a patient's body during medical procedures to maintain sterility or provide privacy. dysphagia Difficulty in swallowing. dyspnea-Difficult or labored breathing. E glaucoma-An eye disease in which the intraocular pressure of the eye increases and interferes with vision. H hemostat-An instrument used to compress (clamp) blood vessels to stop bleeding. horizontal recumbent (supine)-A position in which the patient lies flat on the back, face upward. hyperopia-Farsightedness; a defect in near vision. edema―Swelling; excess amount of fluid in the I tissues. electronic health record (EHR)-A computer- stored version of all of a patient's medical information. emphysema-A chronic respiratory condition that occurs when the walls of the alveoli deteriorate and lose their elasticity resulting in poor exchanges of gases in the lungs. incontinence-The inability to control urination. in-service training-Training offered by an employer specific to the needs of employees. intake All fluids taken in by a patient. integrity-Being honest at all times; respecting the privacy of others; being loyal and accepting responsibility for your actions. International Classification of Diseases-A database produced by the World Health Organization in which clinical terms are coded. عناية الته ليد inistry of Education GE45.PATHWAYS.G03.S1-2.HC.ENG.SB.indb 279 GLOSSARY 279 | 14/06/2023 10:30

J jackknife (proctologic)-A position in which the patient lies on the abdomen with both the head and legs inclined downward and the rectal area elevated. K knee-chest-A position in which the patient rests their body weight on the knees and chest; used for sigmoidoscopic and rectal examinations. L lifelong learning-All purposeful learning O objective data-Facts; things that can be observed or measured and tested. observation-The act of looking at, watching, perceiving, or noticing something during an examination. operative/intraoperative-During surgery. osteoporosis-A condition in which bones become porous and brittle because of lack or loss of calcium, phosphorus, and other minerals. ostomy-A surgically created opening into a body part. output-All fluids eliminated by a patient. activities, both formal and informal, that take P place throughout our lives. lithotomy position- A position in which the patient lies on the back with the feet in stirrups and knees flexed and separated. M medical history-A record that shows all diseases, illness, and surgeries that a patient has had. mentor-A combination of coach and advisor who can provide information and encouragement. myopia-Nearsightedness; a defect in distant vision. N node-A small oval structure (gland) that is shaped like a bean and is part of the body's immune system. nocturia-Excessive urination at night. nonverbal communication-Communication that does not involve speaking: tone of voice, body language, gestures, facial expressions, touch, and physical appearance. paging system-A system that allows an individual to be contacted by using a pager or beeper; a pager can provide a voice message, a signal such as a beep that alerts the individual to call a designated number to receive the message, or a digital message on a display screen with the telephone number of the caller or a message. palpation―The act of using the hands to feel body parts during an examination. patient portal-A secure online website that is established by a physician, health care facility, or other health care provider. percussion―The process of tapping various body parts during an examination. personal hygiene-Care of the body, including bathing, back care, perineal care, oral hygiene, hair care, nail care, and shaving, when necessary. postoperative-After surgery. preoperative-Before surgery. pressure ulcer-Also called a decubitus ulcer, pressure sore, or bedsore; a sore caused by prolonged pressure on an area of the body that interferes with circulation. problem-solving process-A step-by-step way of finding an answer to one or more questions. pil |280 GLOSSARY GE45.PATHWAYS.G03.S1-2.HC.ENG.SB.indb 280 14/06/2023 10:30

professional development-Continually striving to improve and be the best possible at your profession. prone A position in which the patient lies on the abdomen, with the legs together and the face turned to the side. R reality orientation-Activities that help to promote awareness of person, time, and place. receiver-The listener in a conversation; the person to whom the sender directs the message. retractor-An instrument used to hold or draw back the lips or sides of a wound or incision. role model-A person who serves as a positive example. S scalpel-An instrument with a knife blade used to incise (cut) skin and tissue. scope of practice-What you are legally allowed to do in your profession. self-directed learning-All activities that an subjective data-Feelings and desires; something that is reported by the patient and not observed or measured by a health care professional. sutures-Surgical stitches used to join the edges of an incision or wound; also, an area where bones join or fuse together. symptoms-Subjective data reported by a patient that cannot be directly observed or measured by a health care professional. T therapeutic communication-Effective com- munication in health care. thrombus A blood clot. transient ischemic attack (TIA)-A brief episode that disrupts the blood flow to the brain and causes the same symptoms as a cerebrovascular accident or stroke; frequently called a ministroke. Trendelenburg-A position in which the patient lies on the back with the head lower than the feet, or with both the head and feet inclined downward. triage-A method of prioritizing treatment. individual plans and participates in to increase U knowledge and skills. sender-The talker in a conversation; the person who creates and delivers the message. senile lentigines-Yellow or brown colored spots that develop on the skin as aging occurs. signs-Objective data that can be observed in a patient, such as their height or temperature. urinary drainage unit-A special device used to collect urine, consisting of tubing and a collection container usually connected to a urinary catheter. urinate―To expel urine from the bladder. Sims' (left lateral) -A position in which the V patient lies on their left side with the right leg bent up near the abdomen. specimen-A sample (of fluid or solid material) taken for testing in a laboratory. speculum-An instrument used to dilate, or enlarge, an opening or passage in the body for examination purposes. stethoscope-An instrument used for listening to internal body sounds. visual acuity-The ability to perceive and comprehend light rays; seeing. voicemail-An electronic communication system that instructs the caller to leave a message if the individual is not available, or directs the caller to contact another person. منلية التى ليص Ministry of Education 2024-1446 GE45.PATHWAYS.G03.S1-2.HC.ENG.SB.indb 281 GLOSSARY 281 | 14/06/2023 10:30