Form Meaning and Function - Mega goal 1 - أول ثانوي

11 If It Hadn't Happened 11 Form, Meaning and Function Present Perfect Tense versus Simple Past Use the present perfect to talk about an action that happened in the past when the exact time isn't known or important. Use the past tense when the exact time is given. A: Have they discovered life on another planet yet? B: Yes, they have. A: When did IBM introduce the first PC? B: It was introduced in 1981. رابط الدرس الرقمي www.ien.edu.sa Time Expressions: Ago, For and Since Use the simple past tense when the exact time is given: yesterday, two days ago, last week/month/year. Use the present perfect simple tense with for to indicate the duration of the action: for two months, for a year, for a long time. Use the present perfect simple with since to indicate when the action began: since yesterday, since last June. Simple Past In 1908, a small asteroid exploded over Siberia. We moved to Muscat three years ago. She didn't call her mother last night. Present Perfect He has worked as a scientist for many years. We have lived in Muscat since May. We haven't used our car for a long time. A. Work with a partner. Write sentences about the inventions. Invention credit card Date 1951 Invention Date electric lightbulb 1879 canned food the early 1800s film making 1895 wristwatch 1910 radio 1901 toothpaste 1841 paper clip airplane ballpoint pen the 1890s 1903 1888 ? People have had credit cards since 1951/for over 70 years. (have) 1. - 2 3 4 5 (eat) 6. 2. (wear) 7. 3. (listen) 8. 4. (use) 9. 5. (have) B. Have you used any of the inventions in exercise A? How long have you used them? Ask and answer questions with a partner. Add other inventions. A: Have you ever been on a plane? B: Yes, I have. I traveled by plane when I went on vacation last summer. A: Do you have a credit card? B: Yes, I've had a credit card for two years. OR I've had one since I was 18. وزا176عليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 MG_01_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 176 (watch) (use) (travel) (use) 30/4/24 2:04 AM

394 Expressing Ability, Permission and Requests Ability Use can to express ability in the present. Can the robot do my homework for me? Use could to express ability in the past. No, it can't. You can do it yourself! Could people travel long distances before the airplane was invented? Yes, they could. They traveled by ship. Permission Use may and can to express permission. May I leave early today? Can I have another soda? Requests Yes, you may. / No, you may not. Yes, you can. / No, you can't. Use can and could to make polite requests. Could is more formal. Could you fill in this form, please? Can you help me? Could you open the window? Yes, of course. Sure. Not now. I'm busy. Certainly. Sorry, I can't. If with Past Perfect and Would Be Able/Would Have Been Able Use if + past perfect and be able to talk about ability and missed opportunities. Could you fill in this form? If I had studied computer science, I would be able to invent a cutting-edge robot. (present ability) If Dr. Fleming had discovered penicillin sooner, doctors would have been able to save more lives during World War I. (past ability) وزارة التعليم Ministry of Education 2024-1446 C. Complete the sentences with can, could and may and the verb in parentheses. 1. Ahmed, you (help) me with this box, please? (not/meet) tomorrow afternoon. I'm going to the dentist. 2. Excuse me, may I open the window? Yes, you 3. We 4. Mr. Sawyer 5. you 6. Imad (not/see) you now. I'm afraid he's very busy. (swim) when you were a child? No, I couldn't. (stay) very long. His friends are waiting for him. D. Work with a partner. Talk about some past inventions and speculate what we would not be able to do now or in the past if things had been different. Use if + past perfect + be able. If Alexander Bell had never invented the telephone, we would not be able to... If the wheel had not been invented, we wouldn't have been able to... MG_01_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 177 177 30/4/24 2:04 AM